The largest climate protection project in European aviation is the creation of a standardized air space above Europe. The Single European Sky (SES) would help Lufthansa alone to reduce its annual fuel consumption by about 270,000 tonnes. Pillar 3: Operational measures Among the operational measures are the deployment of efficiently-sized aircraft, the determination of optimum flight routes and flight speeds, and improvements of pro- cesses on the ground. The experts in the Lufthansa Group’s Operations Efficiency & Strategy department are working on numerous projects aimed at helping to use kerosene ever more efficiently, as an overview of the areas emphasized in 2014 illustrates: Optimum flight routes and flight speeds The Lufthansa Group airlines are currently introducing software to analyze flight data, called OMEGA (Operations Monitoring and Efficiency Gap Analyzer). In the future, it will tween cruising altitude in the upper air- space and the airports’ terminal control areas by the end of 2016. The goal is to increase the vertical flight efficiency and environmental compatibility without ignoring capacity aspects. For this purpose, the consortium airlines are conducting test flights in scheduled operations, among other measures. In 2015, Lufthansa, DFS Deutsche Flugsicherung and Eurocontrol received the “IHS Jane’s ATC Award” in the environmental category for their proj- ect “Free Route Airspace Maastricht and Karlsruhe” (FRAMaK). Apart from an improved utilization of air- space, it is also important to optimize condi- tions on the ground. There, it is above all adapting airport infrastructures to actual needs that allows efficient flight operations. from France to Germany, Switzerland and Italy to Malta. Another project in which Lufthansa Passenger Airlines and Swiss participate is iStream. It is working on improving the approach management at Charles de Gaulle Airport in Paris and at Zurich Airport in order to avoid late arrivals and unnecessary holding patterns in the air by optimizing planning, thereby reducing the related fuel consumption. New proce- dures in this context are tested in “live trials” in actual flight operations. Concepts for optimized navigation and approach procedures are applied under everyday conditions in flight operations, aiming at transferring future-oriented technologies from SESAR into operation without delay. Furthermore, the Lufthansa Group airlines are participating in a new consortium within the SESAR framework to develop optimized descent profiles for the route section be- Sustainability Report Balance // Issue 2015 // Lufthansa Group // 45